Nube de datos: coord

2019-11-04

How to remove space between axis and plot area in ggplot2

Title

Problem

We want to remove the space between the axis and the plotting area. The space between the axis and the tick marks.

# data
set.seed(0)
the.df <- data.frame( x = rnorm(800, 50, 10), group = rep(letters[1:8], each = 100))


# Original plot
p <- ggplot(the.df) + 
  stat_density(aes(x = x, linetype = group), geom = "line", position = "identity") +
  xlim(10, 90) + ylim(0, 0.06) +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("11", "12", "13", "14", "21", "22", "23", "24")) +
  geom_segment(aes(x = 10, y = 0, xend = 90, yend = 0)) +
  geom_segment(aes(x = 10, y = 0, xend = 10, yend = 0.06))

Solution

Two alternatives

Scale continuous an expand

Instead of xlim(10, 90) + ylim(0, 0.06) we use a continous scale for both axis scale_x_continuous y scale_x_continuous, specifying expand = c(0, 0).

p <- ggplot(the.df) + 
  stat_density(aes(x = x, linetype = group), geom = "line", position = "identity") +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("11", "12", "13", "14", "21", "22", "23", "24")) +
  scale_x_continuous(limits=c(10, 90), expand = c(0, 0)) +
  scale_y_continuous(limits=c(0, 0.06), expand = c(0, 0)) +
  geom_segment(aes(x = 10, y = 0, xend = 90, yend = 0)) +
  geom_segment(aes(x = 10, y = 0, xend = 10, yend = 0.06))

coord_cartesian

We can user coord_cartesian instead of scale_x_continuous y scale_x_continuous.

p <- ggplot(the.df) + 
  stat_density(aes(x = x, linetype = group), geom = "line", position = "identity") +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("11", "12", "13", "14", "21", "22", "23", "24")) +
  geom_segment(aes(x = 10, y = 0, xend = 90, yend = 0)) +
  geom_segment(aes(x = 10, y = 0, xend = 10, yend = 0.06))+
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(10, 90), ylim = c(0, .06))

Another example

uniq <- structure(list(year = c(1986L, 1987L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 2014L, 1986L, 1987L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 2014L, 1986L, 1987L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 2014L), uniq.loc = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L), .Label = c("u.1", "u.2", "u.3"), class = "factor"), uniq.n = c(1, 1, 1, 2, 5, 4, 2, 16, 16, 10, 15, 14, 8, 12, 20, 11, 17, 30, 17, 21, 22, 19, 34, 44, 56, 11, 0, 0, 3, 3, 7, 17, 12, 21, 18, 10, 12, 9, 7, 11, 25, 14, 11, 17, 12, 24, 59, 17, 36, 50, 59, 12, 0, 0, 0, 1, 4, 6, 3, 3, 9, 3, 4, 2, 5, 2, 12, 6, 8, 8, 3, 2, 9, 5, 20, 7, 10, 8), uniq.p = c(100, 100, 25, 33.3, 31.2, 14.8, 11.8, 40, 37.2, 43.5, 48.4, 56, 40, 48, 35.1, 35.5, 47.2, 54.5, 53.1, 44.7, 24.4, 46.3, 37.8, 43.6, 44.8, 35.5, 0, 0, 75, 50, 43.8, 63, 70.6, 52.5, 41.9, 43.5, 38.7, 36, 35, 44, 43.9, 45.2, 30.6, 30.9, 37.5, 51.1, 65.6, 41.5, 40, 49.5, 47.2, 38.7, 0, 0, 0, 16.7, 25, 22.2, 17.6, 7.5, 20.9, 13, 12.9, 8, 25, 8, 21.1, 19.4, 22.2, 14.5, 9.4, 4.3, 10, 12.2, 22.2, 6.9, 8, 25.8)), .Names = c("year", "uniq.loc", "uniq.n", "uniq.p"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -78L))

Original plot

ggplot(data = uniq) + 
  geom_area(aes(x = year, y = uniq.p, fill = uniq.loc), stat = "identity", position = "stack") +
  scale_x_continuous(limits=c(1986,2014)) +
  scale_y_continuous(limits=c(0,101)) +
  theme_bw()

Plot without spaces

# Scale_x_continuous y expand = c(0, 0)
ggplot(data = uniq) + 
  geom_area(aes(x = year, y = uniq.p, fill = uniq.loc), stat = "identity", position = "stack") +
  scale_x_continuous(limits=c(1986,2014), expand = c(0, 0)) +
  scale_y_continuous(limits=c(0,101), expand = c(0, 0)) +
  theme_bw() + theme(panel.grid=element_blank(), panel.border=element_blank())

 # coord_cartesian
ggplot(data = uniq) +  
  geom_area(aes(x = year, y = uniq.p, fill = uniq.loc), stat = "identity", position = "stack") +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1986,2014), ylim = c(0,101))+
  theme_bw() + theme(panel.grid=element_blank(), panel.border=element_blank())

References

2015-08-21

Cómo eliminar el espacio entre los ejes y el área del gráfico en ggplot2

Title

Problema

Deseamos eliminar el espacio que existe entre los ejes y el área del gráfico (plotting area). Como se aprecia en el gráfico de más abajo, hay un espacio entre los ejes y el área gris que no comienza en las coordenadas (0, 0).

# Datos
set.seed(0)
the.df <- data.frame( x = rnorm(800, 50, 10), group = rep(letters[1:8], each = 100))


# Gráfico original
p <- ggplot(the.df) + 
  stat_density(aes(x = x, linetype = group), geom = "line", position = "identity") +
  xlim(10, 90) + ylim(0, 0.06) +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("11", "12", "13", "14", "21", "22", "23", "24")) +
  geom_segment(aes(x = 10, y = 0, xend = 90, yend = 0)) +
  geom_segment(aes(x = 10, y = 0, xend = 10, yend = 0.06))

Solución

Dos opciones:

Scale continuous y expand

En lugar de xlim(10, 90) + ylim(0, 0.06) empleamos escalas continuas, scale_x_continuous y scale_x_continuous y dentro incluimos expand = c(0, 0).

p <- ggplot(the.df) + 
  stat_density(aes(x = x, linetype = group), geom = "line", position = "identity") +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("11", "12", "13", "14", "21", "22", "23", "24")) +
  scale_x_continuous(limits=c(10, 90), expand = c(0, 0)) +
  scale_y_continuous(limits=c(0, 0.06), expand = c(0, 0)) +
  geom_segment(aes(x = 10, y = 0, xend = 90, yend = 0)) +
  geom_segment(aes(x = 10, y = 0, xend = 10, yend = 0.06))