tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-216940952024-03-14T08:19:05.294+01:00Nube de datosR, Excel, Access, VBA and SQL.Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger600125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-86130429900007828992022-02-07T17:41:00.002+01:002022-02-07T17:46:58.963+01:00How to calculate weighted average in Pivot Table in Excel<head>
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<h3>Problem</h3>
<p>
We would like to calculate the weighted average in a pivot table in Excel.
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh_KNkabgQld0FfSiu06SkCW61nM4dxPf0tJ9U4sI2IyYnGJQWZejmQAP-7iy0IyIaI9WchQ_LXDIRGvaSMwpW_aNvwPjB8Ks_ODjWwMvn1QpvZAZNHOvHPpxbG-KL-2agq5weS6eDk1AAhkWbSsL1DmIL8LnTcLw4CK23VGfojzDXj9C1Xmms" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="207" data-original-width="490" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh_KNkabgQld0FfSiu06SkCW61nM4dxPf0tJ9U4sI2IyYnGJQWZejmQAP-7iy0IyIaI9WchQ_LXDIRGvaSMwpW_aNvwPjB8Ks_ODjWwMvn1QpvZAZNHOvHPpxbG-KL-2agq5weS6eDk1AAhkWbSsL1DmIL8LnTcLw4CK23VGfojzDXj9C1Xmms"/></a></div>
In our example, using the <a href="https://gist.github.com/seankross/a412dfbd88b3db70b74b" target="_blank"> mtcars data set</a>, we want to calculate the mpg average weighted by dips.
<p>
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
Let's see two alternatives:
<li>Option1: Adding a column.</li>
<ol>
<li>We add a new columng multiplying the variable (mpg) by the weights (disp)</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgyeHD8nG8yA7FrOHyK9UtLoqUXwD3xWKPiH6H78N0QnrbC6viQeSqZi8fxp32NQdFw9gy5XPhRR_0MeE_LS9Yft_qZLp7Rb4Qs-3XJ1mB9ZqrR7MOxRyTykubqgbFIpmAnzZpVoFe3KXkYsS5LthCTY9y-ZqAMwwU1jsd7Wzhl3YoNaPLwk5s" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="211" data-original-width="571" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgyeHD8nG8yA7FrOHyK9UtLoqUXwD3xWKPiH6H78N0QnrbC6viQeSqZi8fxp32NQdFw9gy5XPhRR_0MeE_LS9Yft_qZLp7Rb4Qs-3XJ1mB9ZqrR7MOxRyTykubqgbFIpmAnzZpVoFe3KXkYsS5LthCTY9y-ZqAMwwU1jsd7Wzhl3YoNaPLwk5s"/></a></div>
<li>We create a Calculated Field dividing the new column (mpg*disp) by the weights (disp) </li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjIV02FKw6nG6iEMY_EO8wrOWvBq_yOjL_y1wvWCdAxerTxgTbc1joaU7NlAfWOgnrQKDJT-JjqDRs_omE6dvrYstKv789R5TfEOPFkv1rvBW5Bdo6_HJ2VeYFRkLSao1Qdq9fsUx24uEdjQn7jdsR_N3W8Nx3BfBJHI9NQ-eScANhHcWfJDtM" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="312" data-original-width="453" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjIV02FKw6nG6iEMY_EO8wrOWvBq_yOjL_y1wvWCdAxerTxgTbc1joaU7NlAfWOgnrQKDJT-JjqDRs_omE6dvrYstKv789R5TfEOPFkv1rvBW5Bdo6_HJ2VeYFRkLSao1Qdq9fsUx24uEdjQn7jdsR_N3W8Nx3BfBJHI9NQ-eScANhHcWfJDtM"/></a></div>
<li>We create a pivot table adding the Calculated Field.</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgYWjT9EaYgyNis0nEcuqNloCMsU0PtYYTJM-pXMeuaPD-RqivoiDGIs6sDTik5gJRwLD_FBNm_V55oaZFU1Mkplsx1WOOpdYTLtTh5Hpj1VrKRJTRVMVwjsK-LFMcVyhuT0TghP7heBS9YvpxoO-1XB9ySnIrtT2nopj7Ama1cmVCdvrFAFrI" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="94" data-original-width="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgYWjT9EaYgyNis0nEcuqNloCMsU0PtYYTJM-pXMeuaPD-RqivoiDGIs6sDTik5gJRwLD_FBNm_V55oaZFU1Mkplsx1WOOpdYTLtTh5Hpj1VrKRJTRVMVwjsK-LFMcVyhuT0TghP7heBS9YvpxoO-1XB9ySnIrtT2nopj7Ama1cmVCdvrFAFrI"/></a></div>
</ol>
<p>
<li>Option 2: Using a DAX functions. </li>
<ol>
<li>We add the table to the Data Model.</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjlz3E5_qciyH7Cx7kgqjK4u7MBtMS7TKsPbhdgG2TGgtZaeFYVXgIyhTpRQQKBMPniSHnHgO_2iZgbK6u_gPF88-M5HQFAZmdFBme9gQ1v97ORlUfyPsl5BruHy5VbYX2VVR6iuppCx63Q0ig_FSwEUFClmtWUfH1AKqfFo90x-mANuO9mmrI" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="132" data-original-width="412" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjlz3E5_qciyH7Cx7kgqjK4u7MBtMS7TKsPbhdgG2TGgtZaeFYVXgIyhTpRQQKBMPniSHnHgO_2iZgbK6u_gPF88-M5HQFAZmdFBme9gQ1v97ORlUfyPsl5BruHy5VbYX2VVR6iuppCx63Q0ig_FSwEUFClmtWUfH1AKqfFo90x-mANuO9mmrI"/></a></div>
<li>We create a new Measure. </li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjYa1hThEyh2Q5W7wuu3GkO_elFcvQGWEp4Laoo4IYu-gAtD3UpbOuatdqpx3QBWoXSRF04LO28twM0XCD8YBrQJ8Yqt3uyvxOkp5CHcjhCMH0wT_8d2XCLo-8HwulmAUzCuHqSx6Ho7Pwi33R7UsStr_wLSj8uuNBfqr7CWxx-dmgHlxuEt2s" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="119" data-original-width="610" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjYa1hThEyh2Q5W7wuu3GkO_elFcvQGWEp4Laoo4IYu-gAtD3UpbOuatdqpx3QBWoXSRF04LO28twM0XCD8YBrQJ8Yqt3uyvxOkp5CHcjhCMH0wT_8d2XCLo-8HwulmAUzCuHqSx6Ho7Pwi33R7UsStr_wLSj8uuNBfqr7CWxx-dmgHlxuEt2s"/></a></div>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-vb">weighted_average:=SUMX( Table1,[mpg] * [disp]) / SUM([disp])
</pre>
<li>We create a pivot table from Data Model as a data source adding the previous Measure.</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhR_nj0eEp620Vp7zq9q9u8FpW7Sxfk5bzWZ1PlE0GwzwxZtmxALXNug2GlNitRkZ5w8gYSM-M3KpYK9_kbXarsP1AlU0SSWbUjjv5jrIXp0rdGy3QMSTX3Af8WNldchPWp6aMMGA2y_GUiA-OIMw9vm-VonAF12t7Jtzjz9Iu8LNqQju555Ds" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="94" data-original-width="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhR_nj0eEp620Vp7zq9q9u8FpW7Sxfk5bzWZ1PlE0GwzwxZtmxALXNug2GlNitRkZ5w8gYSM-M3KpYK9_kbXarsP1AlU0SSWbUjjv5jrIXp0rdGy3QMSTX3Af8WNldchPWp6aMMGA2y_GUiA-OIMw9vm-VonAF12t7Jtzjz9Iu8LNqQju555Ds"/></a></div>
</ol>
</ul>
<h3>Related posts</h3><p>
<ul>
<li> <a href="https://nubededatos.blogspot.com/2018/06/media-aritmetica-ponderada-en-r.html">Media aritmética ponderada en R</a> </li>
</ul>
<h3>References</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://gist.github.com/seankross/a412dfbd88b3db70b74b" target="_blank"> mtcars data set</a></li>
</ul>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-72915065886428806902022-02-04T16:45:00.003+01:002022-02-07T17:46:13.338+01:00Cómo calcular la media ponderada en tablas dinámicas en Excel<head>
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<h3>Problema</h3>
<p>
Queremos calcular la media ponderada dentro de una tabla dinámica en Excel.
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh_KNkabgQld0FfSiu06SkCW61nM4dxPf0tJ9U4sI2IyYnGJQWZejmQAP-7iy0IyIaI9WchQ_LXDIRGvaSMwpW_aNvwPjB8Ks_ODjWwMvn1QpvZAZNHOvHPpxbG-KL-2agq5weS6eDk1AAhkWbSsL1DmIL8LnTcLw4CK23VGfojzDXj9C1Xmms" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="207" data-original-width="490" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh_KNkabgQld0FfSiu06SkCW61nM4dxPf0tJ9U4sI2IyYnGJQWZejmQAP-7iy0IyIaI9WchQ_LXDIRGvaSMwpW_aNvwPjB8Ks_ODjWwMvn1QpvZAZNHOvHPpxbG-KL-2agq5weS6eDk1AAhkWbSsL1DmIL8LnTcLw4CK23VGfojzDXj9C1Xmms"/></a></div>
En nuestro ejemplo, usando el conjunto de datos <a href="https://gist.github.com/seankross/a412dfbd88b3db70b74b" target="_blank"> mtcars </a>, queremos calcular la media de mpg ponderada por disp.
<p>
<h3>Solución</h3><p>
Vamos a ver dos alternativas:
<li>Opción 1: Mediante una columna auxiliar.</li>
<ol>
<li>Añadimos una columna auxiliar multiplicando la variable (mpg) por los pesos (disp)</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgyeHD8nG8yA7FrOHyK9UtLoqUXwD3xWKPiH6H78N0QnrbC6viQeSqZi8fxp32NQdFw9gy5XPhRR_0MeE_LS9Yft_qZLp7Rb4Qs-3XJ1mB9ZqrR7MOxRyTykubqgbFIpmAnzZpVoFe3KXkYsS5LthCTY9y-ZqAMwwU1jsd7Wzhl3YoNaPLwk5s" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="211" data-original-width="571" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgyeHD8nG8yA7FrOHyK9UtLoqUXwD3xWKPiH6H78N0QnrbC6viQeSqZi8fxp32NQdFw9gy5XPhRR_0MeE_LS9Yft_qZLp7Rb4Qs-3XJ1mB9ZqrR7MOxRyTykubqgbFIpmAnzZpVoFe3KXkYsS5LthCTY9y-ZqAMwwU1jsd7Wzhl3YoNaPLwk5s"/></a></div>
<li>Creamos un campo calculado dividiendo la columna auxiliar (mpg*disp) por los pesos (disp) </li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg7IAXgTAdIJt-KBPBA93xtmaVx16gXxXw7DoQUET_GyVwiGydHH5Fdpk-mJb4ygRDe7RFTDJfD-K-BGLkBIKxT2rq5NaokLGt-k7EQC6SoaBVTEHhcxlsSZXWA0DToUFQz2jhuFfsKrQHzHZ1k839253scXJepx9PKi3miMVaBmnNtJXeEqmc" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="309" data-original-width="472" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg7IAXgTAdIJt-KBPBA93xtmaVx16gXxXw7DoQUET_GyVwiGydHH5Fdpk-mJb4ygRDe7RFTDJfD-K-BGLkBIKxT2rq5NaokLGt-k7EQC6SoaBVTEHhcxlsSZXWA0DToUFQz2jhuFfsKrQHzHZ1k839253scXJepx9PKi3miMVaBmnNtJXeEqmc"/></a></div>
<li>Creamos la tabla dinámica agrupando por el campo deseado </li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgYWjT9EaYgyNis0nEcuqNloCMsU0PtYYTJM-pXMeuaPD-RqivoiDGIs6sDTik5gJRwLD_FBNm_V55oaZFU1Mkplsx1WOOpdYTLtTh5Hpj1VrKRJTRVMVwjsK-LFMcVyhuT0TghP7heBS9YvpxoO-1XB9ySnIrtT2nopj7Ama1cmVCdvrFAFrI" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="94" data-original-width="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgYWjT9EaYgyNis0nEcuqNloCMsU0PtYYTJM-pXMeuaPD-RqivoiDGIs6sDTik5gJRwLD_FBNm_V55oaZFU1Mkplsx1WOOpdYTLtTh5Hpj1VrKRJTRVMVwjsK-LFMcVyhuT0TghP7heBS9YvpxoO-1XB9ySnIrtT2nopj7Ama1cmVCdvrFAFrI"/></a></div>
</ol>
<p>
<li>Opción 2: Con una fórmula DAX. </li>
<ol>
<li>Agregamos la tabla original al modelo de datos. No es necesario crear una columna auxiliar.</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhJ8i4BbPbiJLeEpqJSV_3gdYfbZ-OhxQID8cU_zJQSFN4E-lx_oIV9xQ7OuVe4JlOPSPJhtkPXE3ynjMkAttpXPDxKNl-eBSDHoQj6bvzrS5X5mSwo7fnrEdRKJdGyrVwp9aD-iAmwFhNR_KAo7fL4wdVA5CWqiz_GqMcfJ4Xft7r2vAduUAI" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="139" data-original-width="491" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhJ8i4BbPbiJLeEpqJSV_3gdYfbZ-OhxQID8cU_zJQSFN4E-lx_oIV9xQ7OuVe4JlOPSPJhtkPXE3ynjMkAttpXPDxKNl-eBSDHoQj6bvzrS5X5mSwo7fnrEdRKJdGyrVwp9aD-iAmwFhNR_KAo7fL4wdVA5CWqiz_GqMcfJ4Xft7r2vAduUAI"/></a></div>
<li>Creamos una nueva medida </li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjR2fb8YYqNwBSkXxZNGaNKqZ6hhOAtGRjhUTqJdJvkR0mw4VP6xK6zuoX7webrfBs9u9eyFZ2Cj2q3WVx5gpJ8QKCDo_eo8MgvVVm1E9422nTwQETkxEaoHV1YHfNNZNTU9iradwLAeyKHQdJ7UZvEXsdvJhn1sauq4HIXVeqfoaUgUeVt34g" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="123" data-original-width="641" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjR2fb8YYqNwBSkXxZNGaNKqZ6hhOAtGRjhUTqJdJvkR0mw4VP6xK6zuoX7webrfBs9u9eyFZ2Cj2q3WVx5gpJ8QKCDo_eo8MgvVVm1E9422nTwQETkxEaoHV1YHfNNZNTU9iradwLAeyKHQdJ7UZvEXsdvJhn1sauq4HIXVeqfoaUgUeVt34g"/></a></div>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-vb">weighted_average:=SUMX( Table1,[mpg] * [disp]) / SUM([disp])
</pre>
<li>Creamos la tabla dinámica tomando como origen Desde Modelo de datos, usando la medida recién creada</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhR_nj0eEp620Vp7zq9q9u8FpW7Sxfk5bzWZ1PlE0GwzwxZtmxALXNug2GlNitRkZ5w8gYSM-M3KpYK9_kbXarsP1AlU0SSWbUjjv5jrIXp0rdGy3QMSTX3Af8WNldchPWp6aMMGA2y_GUiA-OIMw9vm-VonAF12t7Jtzjz9Iu8LNqQju555Ds" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="94" data-original-width="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhR_nj0eEp620Vp7zq9q9u8FpW7Sxfk5bzWZ1PlE0GwzwxZtmxALXNug2GlNitRkZ5w8gYSM-M3KpYK9_kbXarsP1AlU0SSWbUjjv5jrIXp0rdGy3QMSTX3Af8WNldchPWp6aMMGA2y_GUiA-OIMw9vm-VonAF12t7Jtzjz9Iu8LNqQju555Ds"/></a></div>
</ol>
</ul>
<h3>Entradas relacionadas</h3><p>
<ul>
<li> <a href="https://nubededatos.blogspot.com/2018/06/media-aritmetica-ponderada-en-r.html">Media aritmética ponderada en R</a> </li>
</ul>
<h3>Referencias</h3><p>
<ul>
<li>Conjunto de datos <a href="https://gist.github.com/seankross/a412dfbd88b3db70b74b" target="_blank"> mtcars </a></li>
</ul>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-30791693810781553062021-03-22T05:00:00.019+01:002021-03-22T05:00:01.932+01:00 Ignore zero values in conditional formatting in Excel<head>
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<h3>Problem</h3>
<p>
We want conditional formatting in Excel to ignore cells containing zero values. In the example below, after applying colour scales in conditional formatting, we can see that Excel applies red formatting to cells with zero values.
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kqV7rEaDBp0/YFHUVYrYXrI/AAAAAAAAOg0/ot390EQRkZUZfur1f49ny6G8yyqbTikxACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="172" data-original-width="270" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kqV7rEaDBp0/YFHUVYrYXrI/AAAAAAAAOg0/ot390EQRkZUZfur1f49ny6G8yyqbTikxACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png"/></a></div>
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
To make conditional formatting ignore zero values, we follow these steps:
<ol>
<li>Create a new conditional formatting rule. </li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-t6lQJAiddNU/YFHbdfER_QI/AAAAAAAAOhU/_6n_9fNQP-IVGiS8g7QTIi6UVaJWA6QPgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_6.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="411" data-original-width="187" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-t6lQJAiddNU/YFHbdfER_QI/AAAAAAAAOhU/_6n_9fNQP-IVGiS8g7QTIi6UVaJWA6QPgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_6.png"/></a></div>
<li>Apply no format to cells with value equal to 0. </li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-l9RInXwNYmk/YFHbz1uWp_I/AAAAAAAAOhY/eyeehufzJWkc9-ZCXxFn94fiRLvYBnicQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_7.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="361" data-original-width="535" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-l9RInXwNYmk/YFHbz1uWp_I/AAAAAAAAOhY/eyeehufzJWkc9-ZCXxFn94fiRLvYBnicQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_7.png"/></a></div>
<li>Make sure that this rule is the first to be evaluated, and select the <i>Stop If True</i> check box. </li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-BHcZLM0y1zw/YFHccEG-O-I/AAAAAAAAOhg/b5KKIOIxxJkW6-C8j5IK3n7BcaQNC_-QwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_8.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="296" data-original-width="835" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-BHcZLM0y1zw/YFHccEG-O-I/AAAAAAAAOhg/b5KKIOIxxJkW6-C8j5IK3n7BcaQNC_-QwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_8.png"/></a></div>
</ol>
<h3>Results</h3><p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FNJeyS06HSM/YFHXMQznbOI/AAAAAAAAOhQ/IOopk95Nzno6F-fIh9giO-smOYUmlgWbwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="172" data-original-width="272" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FNJeyS06HSM/YFHXMQznbOI/AAAAAAAAOhQ/IOopk95Nzno6F-fIh9giO-smOYUmlgWbwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png"/></a></div>
<h3>Related posts</h3><p>
<a href="https://nubededatos.blogspot.com/search/label/Conditional%20formatting">Formato condicional</a>
<h3>References</h3><p>
<a href="https://support.microsoft.com/en-gb/office/use-conditional-formatting-to-highlight-information-fed60dfa-1d3f-4e13-9ecb-f1951ff89d7f?ui=en-US&amp;rs=en-GB&amp;ad=GB" target="_blank">Use conditional formatting to highlight information</a>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-91826273336258720722021-03-19T05:00:00.002+01:002021-03-19T05:00:08.351+01:00Ignorar ceros en el formato condicional en Excel<head>
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<h3>Problema</h3>
<p>
Queremos que Excel no aplique el formato condicional a las celdas cuyo valor sea 0. En el siguiente ejemplo vemos como, tras aplicar el formato condicional con escalas de colores, los ceros aparecen en rojo.
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kqV7rEaDBp0/YFHUVYrYXrI/AAAAAAAAOg0/ot390EQRkZUZfur1f49ny6G8yyqbTikxACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="172" data-original-width="270" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kqV7rEaDBp0/YFHUVYrYXrI/AAAAAAAAOg0/ot390EQRkZUZfur1f49ny6G8yyqbTikxACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png"/></a></div>
<h3>Solución</h3><p>
Para evitar que aplique un formato condicional a los ceros seguimos los siguientes pasos:
<ol>
<li>Creamos una nueva regla. </li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-NX-cVLH_DHI/YFHV6bSv1NI/AAAAAAAAOhE/SVH4KWyaxAsR7lGWlLUyIKOLofi1FtwSQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="409" data-original-width="312" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-NX-cVLH_DHI/YFHV6bSv1NI/AAAAAAAAOhE/SVH4KWyaxAsR7lGWlLUyIKOLofi1FtwSQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png"/></a></div>
<li>No aplicamos ningún formato a las celdas cuyo valor sea 0. </li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-NGNvK03sL1M/YFHVfvbMHdI/AAAAAAAAOhA/au0Z3QlyRDYEfODsbHqGW2qLsJqDTI2jACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="357" data-original-width="540" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-NGNvK03sL1M/YFHVfvbMHdI/AAAAAAAAOhA/au0Z3QlyRDYEfODsbHqGW2qLsJqDTI2jACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png"/></a></div>
<li>Nos aseguramos de que es la primera regla evaluada y activamos la casilla <i>Detener si es verdad</i>. </li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-OZ1NpVnFnwk/YFHWQl7gstI/AAAAAAAAOhM/MWUHFflAjJIYxiNIYY3AgNZcP95TnfWswCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="289" data-original-width="827" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-OZ1NpVnFnwk/YFHWQl7gstI/AAAAAAAAOhM/MWUHFflAjJIYxiNIYY3AgNZcP95TnfWswCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png"/></a></div>
</ol>
<h3>Resultado</h3><p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FNJeyS06HSM/YFHXMQznbOI/AAAAAAAAOhQ/IOopk95Nzno6F-fIh9giO-smOYUmlgWbwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="172" data-original-width="272" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FNJeyS06HSM/YFHXMQznbOI/AAAAAAAAOhQ/IOopk95Nzno6F-fIh9giO-smOYUmlgWbwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png"/></a></div>
<h3>Entradas relacionadas</h3><p>
<a href="https://nubededatos.blogspot.com/search/label/Formato%20condicional">Formato condicional</a>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-50094779545904366922021-03-18T09:36:00.001+01:002021-03-18T10:01:18.925+01:00Cómo representar funciones en R
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</head>
<h3>Problema</h3><p>
Queremos representar funciones en R.
<h3>Solución</h3><p>
En nuestro ejemplo queremos representar la siguiente ecuación de segundo grado:
2x<sup>2</sup> + 20x + 3 = 0
<ul>
<li>Opción 1: base package</li><p>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">f <- function(x) {
x ^ 2 + 20 * x + 3
}
curve(expr = f, from = -100, to = 100)
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-XdEh9IdEv4g/YFCS_FOGKTI/AAAAAAAAOgQ/iVPTaL81YXYv0mijD8pJnCEIgJMTqFh8QCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="407" data-original-width="489" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-XdEh9IdEv4g/YFCS_FOGKTI/AAAAAAAAOgQ/iVPTaL81YXYv0mijD8pJnCEIgJMTqFh8QCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png"/></a></div>
<li>Opción 2: ggplot2</li><p>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">library(ggplot2)
ggplot(data.frame(x = c(-100, 100)), aes(x)) +
stat_function(
fun = function(x) {
x ^ 2 + 20 * x + 3
}
) +
geom_hline(yintercept = 0) +
geom_vline(xintercept = 0)
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pNEGNBOOKns/YFCS2or6f4I/AAAAAAAAOgM/LG9IABm7ryUsQZtvHUYqmZdTYKrgrJAfQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="481" data-original-width="512" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pNEGNBOOKns/YFCS2or6f4I/AAAAAAAAOgM/LG9IABm7ryUsQZtvHUYqmZdTYKrgrJAfQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png"/></a></div>
</ul>
<h3>Notas</h3><p>
Si queremos añadir más funciones:<p>
<ul>
<li>Opción 1: Base package</li><p>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">f1 <- function(x) {
x ^ 2 + 20 * x + 3
}
f2 <- function(x) {
x ^ 2 + 50 * x + 100
}
curve(expr = f1, from = -100, to = 100)
curve(expr = f2, from = -100, to = 100, col = 2, add = TRUE)
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lKc_6B4VkmA/YFCVjkBFx8I/AAAAAAAAOgY/gZQrlMUEQYMOa8YKIryOekCllsKF1tUQwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="409" data-original-width="492" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lKc_6B4VkmA/YFCVjkBFx8I/AAAAAAAAOgY/gZQrlMUEQYMOa8YKIryOekCllsKF1tUQwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png"/></a></div>
<li>Opción 2: ggplot2</li><p>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">ggplot(data.frame(x = c(-100, 100)), aes(x)) +
stat_function(
fun = function(x) {
x ^ 2 + 20 * x + 3
}
) +
stat_function(
fun = function(x) {
x ^ 2 + 50 * x + 100
},
colour = "red"
) +
geom_hline(yintercept = 0) +
geom_vline(xintercept = 0)
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zmfZt55RtfY/YFCVo7r9bkI/AAAAAAAAOgc/GyWtjBZrdTgQm8q6i_SN5vV_JOIPZqyxACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_6.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="518" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zmfZt55RtfY/YFCVo7r9bkI/AAAAAAAAOgc/GyWtjBZrdTgQm8q6i_SN5vV_JOIPZqyxACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_6.png"/></a></div>
</ul>
<h3>Entradas relacionadas</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://nubededatos.blogspot.com/2015/06/resolver-ecuaciones-de-segundo-grado-en.html">Resolver ecuaciones de segundo grado en R</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>Referencias</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/stat_function.html" target="_blank">ggplot2 reference</a></li>
</ul>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-3826509315822045712021-03-16T12:27:00.000+01:002021-03-16T12:27:15.980+01:00How to plot functions in R
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</head>
<h3>Problem</h3><p>
We would like to plot functions in R.
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
In our example we will plot the following quadratic equation:
2x<sup>2</sup> + 20x + 3 = 0
<ul>
<li>Option 1: base package</li><p>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">f <- function(x) {
x ^ 2 + 20 * x + 3
}
curve(expr = f, from = -100, to = 100)
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-XdEh9IdEv4g/YFCS_FOGKTI/AAAAAAAAOgQ/iVPTaL81YXYv0mijD8pJnCEIgJMTqFh8QCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="407" data-original-width="489" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-XdEh9IdEv4g/YFCS_FOGKTI/AAAAAAAAOgQ/iVPTaL81YXYv0mijD8pJnCEIgJMTqFh8QCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png"/></a></div>
<li>Option 2: ggplot2</li><p>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">library(ggplot2)
ggplot(data.frame(x = c(-100, 100)), aes(x)) +
stat_function(
fun = function(x) {
x ^ 2 + 20 * x + 3
}
) +
geom_hline(yintercept = 0) +
geom_vline(xintercept = 0)
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pNEGNBOOKns/YFCS2or6f4I/AAAAAAAAOgM/LG9IABm7ryUsQZtvHUYqmZdTYKrgrJAfQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="481" data-original-width="512" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pNEGNBOOKns/YFCS2or6f4I/AAAAAAAAOgM/LG9IABm7ryUsQZtvHUYqmZdTYKrgrJAfQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png"/></a></div>
</ul>
<h3>Notes</h3><p>
If we want to add more functions:<p>
<ul>
<li>Option 1: Base package</li><p>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">f1 <- function(x) {
x ^ 2 + 20 * x + 3
}
f2 <- function(x) {
x ^ 2 + 50 * x + 100
}
curve(expr = f1, from = -100, to = 100)
curve(expr = f2, from = -100, to = 100, col = 2, add = TRUE)
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lKc_6B4VkmA/YFCVjkBFx8I/AAAAAAAAOgY/gZQrlMUEQYMOa8YKIryOekCllsKF1tUQwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="409" data-original-width="492" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lKc_6B4VkmA/YFCVjkBFx8I/AAAAAAAAOgY/gZQrlMUEQYMOa8YKIryOekCllsKF1tUQwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png"/></a></div>
<li>Option 2: ggplot2</li><p>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">ggplot(data.frame(x = c(-100, 100)), aes(x)) +
stat_function(
fun = function(x) {
x ^ 2 + 20 * x + 3
}
) +
stat_function(
fun = function(x) {
x ^ 2 + 50 * x + 100
},
colour = "red"
) +
geom_hline(yintercept = 0) +
geom_vline(xintercept = 0)
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zmfZt55RtfY/YFCVo7r9bkI/AAAAAAAAOgc/GyWtjBZrdTgQm8q6i_SN5vV_JOIPZqyxACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_6.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="518" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zmfZt55RtfY/YFCVo7r9bkI/AAAAAAAAOgc/GyWtjBZrdTgQm8q6i_SN5vV_JOIPZqyxACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_6.png"/></a></div>
</ul>
<h3>References</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/stat_function.html" target="_blank">ggplot2 reference</a></li>
</ul>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-72421384407728689002021-03-12T14:59:00.003+01:002021-03-12T14:59:53.334+01:00SQL CASE or multiple if else statements in R
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</head>
<h3>Problem</h3><p>
We would like to create in R a conditional statement equivalent to the CASE statement in SQL.
<pre><code> idnat idbp
1 french mainland
2 french colony
3 french overseas
4 foreign foreign
</pre></code>
<pre><code class="r">df <-structure(list(idnat = structure(c(2L, 2L, 2L, 1L), .Label = c("foreign",
"french"), class = "factor"), idbp = structure(c(3L, 1L, 4L,
2L), .Label = c("colony", "foreign", "mainland", "overseas"), class = "factor")), .Names = c("idnat",
"idbp"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -4L))
</pre></code class="r">
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
There are multiple alternatives. We will provide a couple of options using <i>dplyr</i> and <i>sqldf</i>.
<ul>
<li>Option 1: dplyr</li><p>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">library(dplyr)
df %>%
mutate(idnat2 = case_when(
idbp == 'mainland' ~ "mainland",
idbp %in% c("colony", "overseas") ~ "overseas",
TRUE ~ "foreign"
))
</pre></code class="r">
<li>Option 2: sqldf</li><p>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">library(sqldf)
sqldf(
"SELECT idnat, idbp,
CASE
WHEN idbp IN ('colony', 'overseas') THEN 'overseas'
ELSE idbp
END AS idnat2
FROM df"
)
</pre></code class="r">
</ul>
<h3>Results</h3><p>
<pre><code> idnat idbp idnat2
1 french mainland mainland
2 french colony overseas
3 french overseas overseas
4 foreign foreign foreign
</pre></code>
<h3>References</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/case_when.html" target="_blank">A general vectorised if</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.w3schools.com/sql/sql_case.asp" target="_blank">SQL CASE Statement</a></li>
<li><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18012222/nested-ifelse-statement/42108173#42108173" target="_blank">stackoverflow</a></li>
</ul>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-53553620326792957062021-03-09T12:19:00.001+01:002021-03-09T12:28:39.659+01:00How to highlight specific data points in a scatter plot with ggplot2
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</head>
<h3>Problem</h3><p>
We would like to highlight specific data points in a scatter plot created with ggplot2. In our example, we will use the <a href="http://docs.ggplot2.org/current/mpg.html" target="_blank">mpg dataset </a>(Fuel economy data from 1999 and 2008 for 38 popular models of car). We want to highlight in red and a larger point size those data points whose displ (engine displacement) are greater than 5 and hwy (highway miles per gallon) greater than 20. <p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VJwwS9fHWG0/WHp4-hzhaOI/AAAAAAAALqk/UJm-XeTeRD4mLbyE6B_y1njgVXacS097QCLcB/s1600/highliting%2Bpoints%2Bggplot2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VJwwS9fHWG0/WHp4-hzhaOI/AAAAAAAALqk/UJm-XeTeRD4mLbyE6B_y1njgVXacS097QCLcB/s1600/highliting%2Bpoints%2Bggplot2.png" /></a></div>
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
<li>Option 1</li><p>
We add the conditions for both attributes, colour and size, inside <i>geom_point</i>. Then we control manually those using <i>scale_colour_manual</i> and <i>scale_size_manual</i> respectively. Finally, we remove the legend.<p>
<pre><code class="r">ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, colour = displ > 5 & hwy > 20, size = displ > 5 & hwy > 20)) +
scale_colour_manual(values = c("black", "red")) +
scale_size_manual(values =c(1.5, 3))+
theme(legend.position = "none")
</pre></code class="r">
<li>Option 2</li><p>
We create two layers of data points using geom_point. The first layer include all data points in black (by default but e). The second layer adds the points we would like to highlight in red with a larger point size.
<p>
<pre><code class="r">ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy), colour= "black") +
geom_point(data = subset(mpg, displ > 5 & hwy > 20), aes(x = displ, y = hwy), colour= "red", size = 3)
</pre></code class="r">
In ggplot2 the layers are added sequentially. If we change the order of the layers, we would get the following result.<p>
<pre><code class="r">ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(data = subset(mpg, displ > 5 & hwy > 20), aes(x = displ, y = hwy), colour= "red", size = 3) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy), colour= "black")
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LZ8Bfs4dUf0/YEdbzJ9wbhI/AAAAAAAAOfk/YEfLQmZM9q0qy3pXcnh3Y73PI7j3cYKJwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="327" data-original-width="605" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LZ8Bfs4dUf0/YEdbzJ9wbhI/AAAAAAAAOfk/YEfLQmZM9q0qy3pXcnh3Y73PI7j3cYKJwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png"/></a></div>
<!----
<h3>Related posts</h3><p>
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<li><a href="http://nubededatos.blogspot.com.es/2015/05/etiquetar-selectivamente-los-puntos-de.html">Etiquetar selectivamente los puntos de un diagrama de dispersión con ggplot2</a></li>
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---->Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-81049381493715715872021-03-04T15:24:00.001+01:002021-03-04T15:31:56.895+01:00Cómo filtrar múltiples valores en una columna en R
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</head>
<h3>Problema</h3><p>
Queremos filtrar múltiples valores en una columna en R. En nuestro ejemplo, queremos filtrar las filas que contengan la cadena de texto <i>Tom</i> o <i>Lynn</i> en la columna <i>name</i>.
<p>
<h3>Ejemplo</h3><p>
<pre><code> days name
1 88 Lynn
2 11 Tom
3 2 Chris
4 5 Lisa
5 22 Kyla
6 1 Tom
7 222 Lynn
8 2 Lynn
</pre></code>
<pre><code class="r">df <-
data.frame(
days = c(88, 11, 2, 5, 22, 1, 222, 2),
name = c("Lynn", "Tom", "Chris", "Lisa", "Kyla", "Tom", "Lynn", "Lynn")
)
</pre></code class="r">
<p>
<h3>Solución</h3><p>
<li>Base package</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">df[df$name %in% c("Tom", "Lynn"), ] # or
target <- c("Tom", "Lynn")
df[df$name %in% target, ]
</pre></code class="r">
<pre><code class> days name
1 88 Lynn
2 11 Tom
6 1 Tom
7 222 Lynn
8 2 Lynn
</pre></code class>
<li>dplyr</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">library(dplyr)
filter(df, name %in% c("Tom", "Lynn")) # or
target <- c("Tom", "Lynn")
filter(df, name %in% target)
</pre></code class="r">
<li>data.table</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">library(data.table)
DT <- data.table(df)
DT[name %in% target]
</pre></code class="r">
<li>sqldf</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">library(sqldf)
# Dos alternativas:
sqldf('SELECT *
FROM df
WHERE name = "Tom" OR name = "Lynn"')
sqldf('SELECT *
FROM df
WHERE name IN ("Tom", "Lynn")')
</pre></code class="r">
<h3>Entradas relacionadas</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://nubededatos.blogspot.com/2020/10/filtrar-filas-que-contengan-una-cadena.html">Filtrar filas que contengan una cadena de texto en R</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>Referencias</h3><p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25647470/filter-multiple-values-on-a-string-column-in-dplyr/30922431#30922431" target="_blank">stackoverflow</a>
</li>
</ul>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-72001328691789138262021-03-04T15:19:00.004+01:002021-03-04T15:31:06.291+01:00How to filter multiple values on a column in R
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</head>
<h3>Problem</h3><p>
We want to filter multiple values on a column in R. In our example, we want to subset the rows containing the string <i>Tom</i> or <i>Lynn</i> for the column <i>name</i>.
<p>
<h3>Example</h3><p>
<pre><code> days name
1 88 Lynn
2 11 Tom
3 2 Chris
4 5 Lisa
5 22 Kyla
6 1 Tom
7 222 Lynn
8 2 Lynn
</pre></code>
<pre><code class="r">df <-
data.frame(
days = c(88, 11, 2, 5, 22, 1, 222, 2),
name = c("Lynn", "Tom", "Chris", "Lisa", "Kyla", "Tom", "Lynn", "Lynn")
)
</pre></code class="r">
<p>
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
<li>Base package</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">df[df$name %in% c("Tom", "Lynn"), ] # or
target <- c("Tom", "Lynn")
df[df$name %in% target, ]
</pre></code class="r">
<pre><code class> days name
1 88 Lynn
2 11 Tom
6 1 Tom
7 222 Lynn
8 2 Lynn
</pre></code class>
<li>dplyr</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">library(dplyr)
filter(df, name %in% c("Tom", "Lynn")) # or
target <- c("Tom", "Lynn")
filter(df, name %in% target)
</pre></code class="r">
<li>data.table</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">library(data.table)
DT <- data.table(df)
DT[name %in% target]
</pre></code class="r">
<li>sqldf</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">library(sqldf)
# Two alternatives:
sqldf('SELECT *
FROM df
WHERE name = "Tom" OR name = "Lynn"')
sqldf('SELECT *
FROM df
WHERE name IN ("Tom", "Lynn")')
</pre></code class="r">
<h3>Related posts</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://nubededatos.blogspot.com/2020/10/filter-rows-containing-certain-string.html">Filter rows containing a certain string in R</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>References</h3><p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25647470/filter-multiple-values-on-a-string-column-in-dplyr/30922431#30922431" target="_blank">stackoverflow</a>
</li>
</ul>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-28172560278489385152021-03-01T16:08:00.005+01:002021-03-03T09:02:47.095+01:00How to draw a stratified sample in R
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<h3>Problem</h3><p>
We want to draw a stratified sample from a data frame in R.
<p>
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
Let's look at two examples, with one or several groups.
<p>
<b>One group</b><p>
We extract 3 records from each of the species: setosa, versicolor y virginica.<p>
<li>Base package</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">set.seed(1)
iris1 <- lapply(split(iris, iris$Species), function(x) x[sample(nrow(x), 3), ])
do.call("rbind", iris1)
</pre></code class="r">
<pre><code class> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
setosa.14 4.3 3.0 1.1 0.1 setosa
setosa.19 5.7 3.8 1.7 0.3 setosa
setosa.28 5.2 3.5 1.5 0.2 setosa
versicolor.96 5.7 3.0 4.2 1.2 versicolor
versicolor.60 5.2 2.7 3.9 1.4 versicolor
versicolor.94 5.0 2.3 3.3 1.0 versicolor
virginica.148 6.5 3.0 5.2 2.0 virginica
virginica.133 6.4 2.8 5.6 2.2 virginica
virginica.131 7.4 2.8 6.1 1.9 virginica
</pre></code class>
<li>dplyr</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">library(dplyr)
set.seed(1)
iris %>%
group_by(Species) %>%
sample_n(., 3)
</pre></code class="r">
<pre><code class> Source: local data frame [9 x 5]
Groups: Species
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
1 4.3 3.0 1.1 0.1 setosa
2 5.7 3.8 1.7 0.3 setosa
3 5.2 3.5 1.5 0.2 setosa
4 5.7 3.0 4.2 1.2 versicolor
5 5.2 2.7 3.9 1.4 versicolor
6 5.0 2.3 3.3 1.0 versicolor
7 6.5 3.0 5.2 2.0 virginica
8 6.4 2.8 5.6 2.2 virginica
9 7.4 2.8 6.1 1.9 virginica
</pre></code class>
<b>Two groups</b><p>
For each number of cylinders (4, 6 u 8) we will extract 2 records with automatic transmission (am = 0) and 2 with manual transmission (am = 1).<p>
<p>
<li>Base package</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">set.seed(1)
mtcars1 <- lapply(split(mtcars, list(mtcars$cyl, mtcars$am)), function(x) x[sample(nrow(x), 2), ])
do.call("rbind", mtcars1)
</pre></code class="r">
<pre><code class> mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
0.4.Merc 240D 24.4 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.190 20.00 1 0 4 2
0.4.Toyota Corona 21.5 4 120.1 97 3.70 2.465 20.01 1 0 3 1
1.4.Fiat X1-9 27.3 4 79.0 66 4.08 1.935 18.90 1 1 4 1
1.4.Lotus Europa 30.4 4 95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90 1 1 5 2
0.6.Hornet 4 Drive 21.4 6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3 1
0.6.Merc 280 19.2 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30 1 0 4 4
1.6.Ferrari Dino 19.7 6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50 0 1 5 6
1.6.Mazda RX4 Wag 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02 0 1 4 4
0.8.Chrysler Imperial 14.7 8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42 0 0 3 4
0.8.Hornet Sportabout 18.7 8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3 2
1.8.Ford Pantera L 15.8 8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50 0 1 5 4
1.8.Maserati Bora 15.0 8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60 0 1 5 8
</pre></code class>
<li> dplyr</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">set.seed(1)
mtcars %>%
group_by(cyl, am) %>%
sample_n(., 2)
</pre></code class="r">
<pre><code class>Source: local data frame [12 x 11]
Groups: cyl, am
mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
1 24.4 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.190 20.00 1 0 4 2
2 21.5 4 120.1 97 3.70 2.465 20.01 1 0 3 1
3 27.3 4 79.0 66 4.08 1.935 18.90 1 1 4 1
4 30.4 4 95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90 1 1 5 2
5 21.4 6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3 1
6 19.2 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30 1 0 4 4
7 19.7 6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50 0 1 5 6
8 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02 0 1 4 4
9 14.7 8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42 0 0 3 4
10 18.7 8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3 2
11 15.8 8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50 0 1 5 4
12 15.0 8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60 0 1 5 8
</pre></code class>
<h3>Related posts</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://nubededatos.blogspot.com/2020/04/how-to-select-random-sample-in-r.html">How to select a random sample in R</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>References</h3><p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7950834/drawing-a-stratified-sample-in-r" target="_blank">stackoverflow</a>
</li>
</ul>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-37810551610358116442021-02-09T17:31:00.000+01:002021-02-09T17:31:03.862+01:00How to set tick labels to the edges of a continuous ggplot2 legend
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</head>
<h3>Problem</h3><p>
We want to show the minimum and maximum values in the legend of our plot in ggplot2.
<p>
<pre><code class="r">library(ggplot2)
d <- subset(diamonds, price >= 257 & price <= 8888)
ggplot(d, aes(depth, carat, colour = price)) +
geom_point() +
scale_colour_gradient(limits = c(257, 8888))
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Ds6H-sBJfM4/VpFgax1gtRI/AAAAAAAALLg/ni--H949Z4I/s1600/CropperCapture%255B279%255D.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Ds6H-sBJfM4/VpFgax1gtRI/AAAAAAAALLg/ni--H949Z4I/s1600/CropperCapture%255B279%255D.png"></a></div>
<p>
The legend shows values from 2.000 al 8.000 but we do not know the minimum and the maximum values.<p>
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
Within scale_colour_gradient, we pass the arguments breaks and labels.
<pre><code class="r">ggplot(d, aes(depth, carat, colour = price)) +
geom_point() +
scale_colour_gradient(limits = c(257, 8888),
breaks = c(257, 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000, 8888),
labels = c(257, 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000, 8888))
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-fYR9ivC-KxI/VpFgaIJVvzI/AAAAAAAALLc/aZ2HREH58e0/s1600/CropperCapture%255B280%255D.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-fYR9ivC-KxI/VpFgaIJVvzI/AAAAAAAALLc/aZ2HREH58e0/s1600/CropperCapture%255B280%255D.png"></a></div>
<p>
Now we have added to the legend the minimum 257 and the maximum 8.888 values.<p>
<h3>Notes</h3><p>
Instead of using the default colour scale colours from light blue to dark blue, we can adjust colour choices with the arguments <i>low</i> and <i>high</i>.
<pre><code class="r">ggplot(d, aes(depth, carat, colour = price)) +
geom_point() +
scale_colour_gradient(limits = c(257, 8888),
breaks=c(257, 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000, 8888),
labels=c(257, 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000, 8888), low = "red")
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NEvYp4ETjyc/VpFmUudG3bI/AAAAAAAALL0/6FPiuGyFTaA/s1600/CropperCapture%255B281%255D.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NEvYp4ETjyc/VpFmUudG3bI/AAAAAAAALL0/6FPiuGyFTaA/s1600/CropperCapture%255B281%255D.png"></a></div>
<h3>References</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://docs.ggplot2.org/0.9.3.1/scale_gradient.html"target ="_blank">Smooth gradient between two colours</a></li>
<li><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/34638810/how-to-set-tick-labels-to-edges-of-continuous-ggplot2-legend/34639099#34639099" target ="_blank">stackoverflow</a></li>
</ul>
<!---
<h3>Entradas relacionadas</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://nubededatos.blogspot.com.es/search?q=geom_point">Entradas que utilizan <i>geom_point</i></a></li>
<li><a href="http://nubededatos.blogspot.com.es/search/label/diagrama%20de%20dispersi%C3%B3n">Diagramas de dispersión</a></li>
</ul>
--->Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-25062333750071445092021-01-29T05:33:00.001+01:002021-01-29T05:33:01.410+01:00Cómo crear una pirámide de población con ggplot2<head>
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</head>
<h3>Problema</h3><p>
Queremos crear una pirámide de población con ggplot2. Nuestro ejemplo es la población española por edad y sexo en 2020.<p>
<h3>Ejemplo</h3><p>
<pre><code># A tibble: 42 x 3
Age Gender Total
<chr> <chr> <int>
1 "0-4 " male 1018039
2 "0-4 " female 963653
3 "5-9" male 1196380
4 "5-9" female 1129063
5 "10-14" male 1297635
6 "10-14" female 1225863
7 "15-19 " male 1232566
8 "15-19 " female 1156455
9 "20-24 " male 1207902
10 "20-24 " female 1152765
# ... with 32 more rows
</pre></code>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">df <- structure(list(Age = c("0-4 ", "0-4 ", "5-9", "5-9", "10-14",
"10-14", "15-19 ", "15-19 ", "20-24 ", "20-24 ", "25-29 ", "25-29 ",
"30-34 ", "30-34 ", "35-39 ", "35-39 ", "40-44 ", "40-44 ", "45-49 ",
"45-49 ", "50-54 ", "50-54 ", "55-59 ", "55-59 ", "60-64 ", "60-64 ",
"65-69 ", "65-69 ", "70-74 ", "70-74 ", "75-79 ", "75-79 ", "80-84 ",
"80-84 ", "85-89 ", "85-89 ", "90-94 ", "90-94 ", "95-99 ", "95-99 ",
"100+", "100+"), Gender = c("male", "female", "male", "female",
"male", "female", "male", "female", "male", "female", "male",
"female", "male", "female", "male", "female", "male", "female",
"male", "female", "male", "female", "male", "female", "male",
"female", "male", "female", "male", "female", "male", "female",
"male", "female", "male", "female", "male", "female", "male",
"female", "male", "female"), Total = c(1018039L, 963653L, 1196380L,
1129063L, 1297635L, 1225863L, 1232566L, 1156455L, 1207902L, 1152765L,
1308197L, 1275776L, 1421558L, 1417845L, 1702135L, 1688865L, 2024303L,
1971909L, 1968659L, 1926866L, 1828015L, 1840434L, 1652558L, 1712299L,
1410111L, 1502563L, 1153768L, 1270544L, 1020478L, 1191698L, 773823L,
974046L, 513692L, 759379L, 361702L, 634714L, 133032L, 302885L,
27305L, 84007L, 3732L, 13576L)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-42L))
tibble(df)
</pre></code class="r"><p>
<h3>Solución</h3><p>
Primero necesitamos crear dos columnas. En la primera cambiamos el signo de la población masculina para mostrarla invertida en el gráfico. En la segunda calculamos el porcentaje de población por edad y sexo.
<pre><code class="r">df <- df %>%
group_by(Gender) %>%
mutate(
Population = ifelse(Gender == "female", Total,-Total),
Percent = ifelse(Gender == "female", 100 * (Total / sum(Total)),-100 * (Total / sum(Total))))
df$Age <- factor(df$Age, levels=unique(df$Age)) # Para mantener el orden original de vector carácter
</pre></code class="r"><p>
<li>Totales</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qA6nh_18JhU/YBFM-iybvsI/AAAAAAAAOdQ/RMo-MGMYXhMkrEkT5RrrldEOJ-i3zOwHACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="398" data-original-width="686" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qA6nh_18JhU/YBFM-iybvsI/AAAAAAAAOdQ/RMo-MGMYXhMkrEkT5RrrldEOJ-i3zOwHACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png"/></a></div>
<pre><code class="r">ggplot(df, aes(x = Age, Population, fill = Gender)) +
geom_bar(data = filter(df, Gender == "female"), stat = "identity") +
geom_bar(data = filter(df, Gender == "male"), stat = "identity") +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-2000000, 2000000, 500000), labels = comma(abs(seq(-2000000, 2000000, 500000))))+
coord_flip()
</pre></code class="r"><p>
<li>Porcentajes</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TBL_3bTVlz4/YBFNIJ7-c5I/AAAAAAAAOdU/uCDl9KB5IOIN432asD7M3thriDLDJx3KACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="396" data-original-width="694" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TBL_3bTVlz4/YBFNIJ7-c5I/AAAAAAAAOdU/uCDl9KB5IOIN432asD7M3thriDLDJx3KACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png"/></a></div>
<pre><code class="r">ggplot(df, aes(x = Age, Percent, fill = Gender)) +
geom_bar(data = filter(df, Gender == "female"), stat = "identity") +
geom_bar(data = filter(df, Gender == "male"), stat = "identity") +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-10, 10, 2), labels = comma(abs(seq(-10, 10, 2)))) +
coord_flip()
</pre></code class="r"><p>
<h3>Referencias</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31897329/population-pyramid-plot-with-ggplot2-and-dplyr-instead-of-plyr" target="_blank">stackoverflow</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.ine.es/dynt3/inebase/es/index.htm?type=pcaxis&path=/t20/e245/p08/&file=pcaxis&dh=0&capsel=0" target="_blank">Principales series de población (INE)</a></li>
</ul>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-18969569189706218392021-01-27T12:30:00.006+01:002021-01-27T12:30:47.897+01:00How to create a population pyramid with ggplot2<head>
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</head>
<h3>Problem</h3><p>
We want to create a population pyramid with ggplot2. Our example is the Spanish population by age and gender in 2020.<p>
<h3>Example</h3><p>
<pre><code># A tibble: 42 x 3
Age Gender Total
<chr> <chr> <int>
1 "0-4 " male 1018039
2 "0-4 " female 963653
3 "5-9" male 1196380
4 "5-9" female 1129063
5 "10-14" male 1297635
6 "10-14" female 1225863
7 "15-19 " male 1232566
8 "15-19 " female 1156455
9 "20-24 " male 1207902
10 "20-24 " female 1152765
# ... with 32 more rows
</pre></code>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">df <- structure(list(Age = c("0-4 ", "0-4 ", "5-9", "5-9", "10-14",
"10-14", "15-19 ", "15-19 ", "20-24 ", "20-24 ", "25-29 ", "25-29 ",
"30-34 ", "30-34 ", "35-39 ", "35-39 ", "40-44 ", "40-44 ", "45-49 ",
"45-49 ", "50-54 ", "50-54 ", "55-59 ", "55-59 ", "60-64 ", "60-64 ",
"65-69 ", "65-69 ", "70-74 ", "70-74 ", "75-79 ", "75-79 ", "80-84 ",
"80-84 ", "85-89 ", "85-89 ", "90-94 ", "90-94 ", "95-99 ", "95-99 ",
"100+", "100+"), Gender = c("male", "female", "male", "female",
"male", "female", "male", "female", "male", "female", "male",
"female", "male", "female", "male", "female", "male", "female",
"male", "female", "male", "female", "male", "female", "male",
"female", "male", "female", "male", "female", "male", "female",
"male", "female", "male", "female", "male", "female", "male",
"female", "male", "female"), Total = c(1018039L, 963653L, 1196380L,
1129063L, 1297635L, 1225863L, 1232566L, 1156455L, 1207902L, 1152765L,
1308197L, 1275776L, 1421558L, 1417845L, 1702135L, 1688865L, 2024303L,
1971909L, 1968659L, 1926866L, 1828015L, 1840434L, 1652558L, 1712299L,
1410111L, 1502563L, 1153768L, 1270544L, 1020478L, 1191698L, 773823L,
974046L, 513692L, 759379L, 361702L, 634714L, 133032L, 302885L,
27305L, 84007L, 3732L, 13576L)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-42L))
tibble(df)
</pre></code class="r"><p>
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
First we need to create two columns. One to convert male population to negative so it is reversed in the plot. Another column with the population percentage by age and sex.
<pre><code class="r">df <- df %>%
group_by(Gender) %>%
mutate(
Population = ifelse(Gender == "female", Total,-Total),
Percent = ifelse(Gender == "female", 100 * (Total / sum(Total)),-100 * (Total / sum(Total))))
df$Age <- factor(df$Age, levels=unique(df$Age)) # To keep the original order of the character vector
</pre></code class="r"><p>
<li>Absolute numbers</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qA6nh_18JhU/YBFM-iybvsI/AAAAAAAAOdQ/RMo-MGMYXhMkrEkT5RrrldEOJ-i3zOwHACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="398" data-original-width="686" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qA6nh_18JhU/YBFM-iybvsI/AAAAAAAAOdQ/RMo-MGMYXhMkrEkT5RrrldEOJ-i3zOwHACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png"/></a></div>
<pre><code class="r">ggplot(df, aes(x = Age, Population, fill = Gender)) +
geom_bar(data = filter(df, Gender == "female"), stat = "identity") +
geom_bar(data = filter(df, Gender == "male"), stat = "identity") +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-2000000, 2000000, 500000), labels = comma(abs(seq(-2000000, 2000000, 500000))))+
coord_flip()
</pre></code class="r"><p>
<li>Percentage</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TBL_3bTVlz4/YBFNIJ7-c5I/AAAAAAAAOdU/uCDl9KB5IOIN432asD7M3thriDLDJx3KACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="396" data-original-width="694" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TBL_3bTVlz4/YBFNIJ7-c5I/AAAAAAAAOdU/uCDl9KB5IOIN432asD7M3thriDLDJx3KACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png"/></a></div>
<pre><code class="r">ggplot(df, aes(x = Age, Percent, fill = Gender)) +
geom_bar(data = filter(df, Gender == "female"), stat = "identity") +
geom_bar(data = filter(df, Gender == "male"), stat = "identity") +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-10, 10, 2), labels = comma(abs(seq(-10, 10, 2)))) +
coord_flip()
</pre></code class="r"><p>
<h3>References</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31897329/population-pyramid-plot-with-ggplot2-and-dplyr-instead-of-plyr" target="_blank">stackoverflow</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.ine.es/dynt3/inebase/es/index.htm?type=pcaxis&path=/t20/e245/p08/&file=pcaxis&dh=0&capsel=0" target="_blank">Population series from INE (Spanish Statistical Office)</a></li>
</ul>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-86850715497391049962021-01-06T07:47:00.005+01:002021-03-17T11:04:33.236+01:00How to insert a picture in an Excel comment<head>
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<h3>Problem</h3>
<p>
We want to insert a picture in an Excel comment
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2bMq0vLUnss/X-DLar7AWkI/AAAAAAAAOag/w5HmPwOKUywD8m2PtkELEWCUptSOZH5QgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="390" data-original-width="342" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2bMq0vLUnss/X-DLar7AWkI/AAAAAAAAOag/w5HmPwOKUywD8m2PtkELEWCUptSOZH5QgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png"/></a></div>
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
<ol>
<li>Select cell, right click, and Insert Comment.</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pwruXxjA7Dw/X-DOFqQ30rI/AAAAAAAAOas/R33N6OPznyMixM0n1Efeza7k89SYda_uwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_6.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="429" data-original-width="204" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pwruXxjA7Dw/X-DOFqQ30rI/AAAAAAAAOas/R33N6OPznyMixM0n1Efeza7k89SYda_uwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_6.png"/></a></div>
<li>Right click on the border of the comment and clic on Format Comment.</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lWDnv_BdA-A/X-DOaVQMRzI/AAAAAAAAOa0/8OweYmxbYsQ0yTLJBwomU-qPrHx2k9iIgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_7.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="343" data-original-width="214" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lWDnv_BdA-A/X-DOaVQMRzI/AAAAAAAAOa0/8OweYmxbYsQ0yTLJBwomU-qPrHx2k9iIgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_7.png"/></a></div>
<li>On the Colors and Lines tab, click on the drop-down arrow for Color and select Fill Effects.</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-89te479Voe0/X-DPkq5_bwI/AAAAAAAAObA/GSQ1YunyHKImiziD1x1wWn4HVDXCmHHNACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_8.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="438" data-original-width="440" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-89te479Voe0/X-DPkq5_bwI/AAAAAAAAObA/GSQ1YunyHKImiziD1x1wWn4HVDXCmHHNACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_8.png"/></a></div>
<li>On the picture tab, click on Select Picture.</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-uNRFU7hzYl0/X-DQQrrxxlI/AAAAAAAAObI/me39lT1ujpIXaO0s2nQ4tK7rvooAhZfzQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_9.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="466" data-original-width="394" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-uNRFU7hzYl0/X-DQQrrxxlI/AAAAAAAAObI/me39lT1ujpIXaO0s2nQ4tK7rvooAhZfzQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_9.png"/></a></div>
<li>Select the picture, insert, and click OK.</li>
<li>Resize the picture by draggin the border of the comment.</li>
<li>Hide if you only want to show the picture when you hover over the cell.</li>
</ol>
<h3>Related Posts</h3><p>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-33280806454618005572021-01-04T07:50:00.001+01:002021-01-04T07:50:01.497+01:00Cómo insertar una imagen en comentario de una celda en Excel<head>
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<h3>Problema</h3>
<p>
Queremos insertar una imagen en el comentario de una celda en Excel
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2bMq0vLUnss/X-DLar7AWkI/AAAAAAAAOag/w5HmPwOKUywD8m2PtkELEWCUptSOZH5QgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="390" data-original-width="342" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2bMq0vLUnss/X-DLar7AWkI/AAAAAAAAOag/w5HmPwOKUywD8m2PtkELEWCUptSOZH5QgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png"/></a></div>
<h3>Solución</h3><p>
<ol>
<li>Seleccionamo una celda, clic con el botón derecho e insertamos un comentario.</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AfIfjzOE0fw/X-DIv13kzjI/AAAAAAAAOZ8/8eOev4jXOyYYoH93mECxMYZEB9d9DFJGACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="427" data-original-width="215" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AfIfjzOE0fw/X-DIv13kzjI/AAAAAAAAOZ8/8eOev4jXOyYYoH93mECxMYZEB9d9DFJGACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png"/></a></div>
<li>Clic con el botón derecho en el borde del comentario y luego en Formato de comentario.</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_LUDtkxkigw/X-DJdZfA5NI/AAAAAAAAOaE/tQ_ImEi5vLc-DefqVk0RIU6aUIqjNr4JgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="380" data-original-width="318" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_LUDtkxkigw/X-DJdZfA5NI/AAAAAAAAOaE/tQ_ImEi5vLc-DefqVk0RIU6aUIqjNr4JgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png"/></a></div>
<li>En la pestaña Colores y líneas, clic en el desplegable color y selecciona Efectos de relleno.</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ds8V2KFeSnM/X-DKsTTho5I/AAAAAAAAOaQ/8VnuaSXv5qECb0kQnXEOjGFzcpPeF4wLACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="437" data-original-width="435" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ds8V2KFeSnM/X-DKsTTho5I/AAAAAAAAOaQ/8VnuaSXv5qECb0kQnXEOjGFzcpPeF4wLACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png"/></a></div>
<li>En la pestaña imagen, clic en Seleccionar Imagen.</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Gets91xlsUE/X-DKwt-CclI/AAAAAAAAOaU/GqnHXZmSrsIVCKg1KdIKy9g0libqIQ4OgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="461" data-original-width="409" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Gets91xlsUE/X-DKwt-CclI/AAAAAAAAOaU/GqnHXZmSrsIVCKg1KdIKy9g0libqIQ4OgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png"/></a></div>
<li>Seleccionamos la imagen, insertar, y aceptar.</li>
<li>Ajustamos el tamaño de la imagen arrastrando los bordes del comentario.</li>
<li>Ocultamos el comentario si solamente queremos que aparezca al pasar el cursor por encima.</li>
</ol>
<h3>Entradas relacionadas</h3><p>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-26440426853526850882021-01-01T05:54:00.001+01:002021-01-01T05:54:04.663+01:00Cómo crear una serie temporal con intervalos de 30 minutos<head>
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<h3>Problema</h3><p>
Queremos crear una serie temporal de intervalos de 30 minutos.
<p>
<h3>Ejemplo</h3><p>
<pre><code>[1] "2017-01-01 00:00:00 UTC"
[2] "2017-01-01 00:30:00 UTC"
[3] "2017-01-01 01:00:00 UTC"
[4] "2017-01-01 01:30:00 UTC"
[5] "2017-01-01 02:00:00 UTC"
[6] "2017-01-01 02:30:00 UTC"</pre></code>
<p>
<h3>Solución</h3><p>
Usamos la función <i>seq</i> y especificando los minutos en el argumento <i>by</i>, así como el uso horario "UTC". Tecleamos ?seq.POSIXt para obtener más detalles sobre el argumento que podemos especificar como cadena sde texto:
<blockquote>A character string, containing one of "sec", "min", "hour", "day", "DSTday", "week", "month", "quarter" or "year". This can optionally be preceded by a (positive or negative) integer and a space, or followed by "s".
</blockquote> <p>
<pre><code class="r">seq(as.POSIXct("2017-01-01", tz = "UTC"),
as.POSIXct("2017-01-02", tz = "UTC"),
by = "30 min")
</pre></code class="r"><p>
<h3>Referencias</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35296749/create-a-time-series-by-30-minute-intervals/32831598#32831598" target="_blank">stackoverflow</a></li>
</ul>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-30361825011857986662020-12-23T05:35:00.008+01:002020-12-23T05:35:04.661+01:00How to create a time series by 30 minute intervals<head>
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<h3>Problem</h3><p>
We want to create a time series by 30 minute intervals.<p>
<h3>Example</h3><p>
<pre><code>[1] "2017-01-01 00:00:00 UTC"
[2] "2017-01-01 00:30:00 UTC"
[3] "2017-01-01 01:00:00 UTC"
[4] "2017-01-01 01:30:00 UTC"
[5] "2017-01-01 02:00:00 UTC"
[6] "2017-01-01 02:30:00 UTC"</pre></code>
<p>
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
We use the function <i>seq</i> and specify minutes in the <i>by</i> argument, and pass the time zone "UTC". Type ?seq.POSIXt for more details about the by argument specified as a character string:
<blockquote>A character string, containing one of "sec", "min", "hour", "day", "DSTday", "week", "month", "quarter" or "year". This can optionally be preceded by a (positive or negative) integer and a space, or followed by "s".
</blockquote> <p>
<pre><code class="r">seq(as.POSIXct("2017-01-01", tz = "UTC"),
as.POSIXct("2017-01-02", tz = "UTC"),
by = "30 min")
</pre></code class="r"><p>
<h3>References</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35296749/create-a-time-series-by-30-minute-intervals/32831598#32831598" target="_blank">stackoverflow</a></li>
</ul>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-2766420970566283312020-12-21T05:50:00.000+01:002020-12-21T05:50:01.682+01:00How to create a symmetric matrix in R<head>
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<h3>Problem</h3><p>
We want to create a symmetric matrix based on the following example.<p>
<h3>Example</h3><p>
<pre><code> V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
1 0 2 3 4 5
2 0 0 6 8 10
3 0 0 0 12 15
4 0 0 0 0 20
5 0 0 0 0 0
</pre></code>
<pre><code class="r">df <- structure(list(V1 = c(0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L), V2 = c(2L, 0L, 0L,
0L, 0L), V3 = c(3L, 6L, 0L, 0L, 0L), V4 = c(4L, 8L, 12L, 0L,
0L), V5 = c(5L, 10L, 15L, 20L, 0L)), .Names = c("V1", "V2", "V3",
"V4", "V5"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c("1", "2", "3",
"4", "5"))
</pre></code class="r">
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
<ul>
<li>Adding the transpose of the matrix.</li><p>
<pre><code class="r">df + t(df)</pre></code class="r">
<li>Function <i>lower.tri</i></li><p>
We assign to the lower triangle of the matrix the transpose of the lower triangle.<p>
<pre><code class="r">df[lower.tri(df)] <- t(df)[lower.tri(df)]</pre></code class="r">
<pre><code> V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
1 0 2 3 4 5
2 2 0 6 8 10
3 3 6 0 12 15
4 4 8 12 0 20
5 5 10 15 20 0</pre></code>
<p>
Using <i>upper.tri</i> would not create a symmetrical matrix.
<pre><code class="r">df[lower.tri(df)] <- df[upper.tri(df)]</pre></code class="r">
<pre><code> V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
1 0 2 3 4 5
2 2 0 6 8 10
3 3 8 0 12 15
4 6 12 10 0 20
5 4 5 15 20 0
</pre></code>
</ul>
<h3>References</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/32770004/most-efficient-way-to-create-a-symmetric-matrix/32770064#32770064" target="_blank">stackoverflow</a></li>
</ul>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-64058190081460648452020-12-18T06:01:00.001+01:002020-12-18T06:01:12.189+01:00How to change the spacing between the legend and the panel in ggplot2<head>
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<h3>Problema</h3><p>
We want to increase the spacing between the legend and the panel in ggplot2.<p>
<pre><code class="r">library(ggplot2)
xy <- data.frame(x = 1:10, y = 10:1, type = rep(LETTERS[1:2], each=5))
plot <- ggplot(data = xy) +
geom_point(aes(x = x, y = y, colo r= type))
</pre></code class="r">
<p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DQSF6wks2uU/X9toQQQYPyI/AAAAAAAAOZI/rdmYAoZq3bc85NXXAR_LFTmrR_2EqHwyACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_7.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="389" data-original-width="464" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DQSF6wks2uU/X9toQQQYPyI/AAAAAAAAOZI/rdmYAoZq3bc85NXXAR_LFTmrR_2EqHwyACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_7.png"/></a></div>
<p>
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
We use the argument <i>legend.box.margin</i> to add 20 points to the left. <p>
<pre><code class="r">plot <- plot + theme(legend.box.margin = margin(0, 0, 0, 20))
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AF9j1LAFQKE/X9toF5PkeNI/AAAAAAAAOZE/qPmVlkio9QUQ70n2ktivi6FCA7fJTpHuQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_6.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="385" data-original-width="460" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AF9j1LAFQKE/X9toF5PkeNI/AAAAAAAAOZE/qPmVlkio9QUQ70n2ktivi6FCA7fJTpHuQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_6.png"/></a></div>
<h3>References</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/33615936/adjusting-legends-spacing-to-main-plot/33616502#33616502" target ="_blank">stackoverflow</a></li>
</ul>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-39909955422134205332020-12-17T11:45:00.002+01:002020-12-17T11:45:48.081+01:00Cómo eliminar todos los comentarios en Excel<head>
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<h3>Problema</h3>
<p>
Queremos borrar todos los comentarios en Excel. Veremos tres alternativas, en la última usaremos VBA
<h3>Solución</h3><p>
<ul>
<li>Opción 1</li>
<ol>
<li>En la pestaña Revisar clic en Mostrar todos los comentarios</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-aktERntne-Q/X9sy_lF3eLI/AAAAAAAAOYM/4C9oNx2ZVZgnfZKg0Fal1_f3juxydPbtACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="264" data-original-width="505" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-aktERntne-Q/X9sy_lF3eLI/AAAAAAAAOYM/4C9oNx2ZVZgnfZKg0Fal1_f3juxydPbtACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png"/></a></div>
<li>Press Ctrl+E para seleccionar todos los comentarios</li>
<li>Clic en Eliminar</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Qke9ukXuGY8/X9s0hv0sDvI/AAAAAAAAOYg/S2Hjkowe7LIPZzF9_1g_U-p5yMoo9VvFQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="452" data-original-width="673" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Qke9ukXuGY8/X9s0hv0sDvI/AAAAAAAAOYg/S2Hjkowe7LIPZzF9_1g_U-p5yMoo9VvFQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png"/></a></div>
</ol>
<li>Opción 2</li>
<ol>
<li>Presionamos F5 o Ctrl + I para abrir el cuadro de diálogo Ir a, clic en Especial </li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yhEsTJ9FerI/X9s0CNniO3I/AAAAAAAAOYY/2FEwuYTVmE0MpK-6-uyYOUoGxT8Ht8byACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="334" data-original-width="471" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yhEsTJ9FerI/X9s0CNniO3I/AAAAAAAAOYY/2FEwuYTVmE0MpK-6-uyYOUoGxT8Ht8byACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png"/></a></div>
<li>Todos los comentarios serán seleccionados</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LXrTmN5KOdA/X9s1Nzn7aVI/AAAAAAAAOYs/NYDHb_UL6FQEF7ynRv1JjW0s9D9Z1x1ywCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="257" data-original-width="508" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LXrTmN5KOdA/X9s1Nzn7aVI/AAAAAAAAOYs/NYDHb_UL6FQEF7ynRv1JjW0s9D9Z1x1ywCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png"/></a></div>
<li>Clic con el botón derecho para abrir el menú contextual y clic en Eliminar comentario</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3b4PrvJPnuc/X9s2Lc4QzDI/AAAAAAAAOY4/JX42ZIFB43o90X7GUxqXItKpOhs3H3UMgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="477" data-original-width="214" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3b4PrvJPnuc/X9s2Lc4QzDI/AAAAAAAAOY4/JX42ZIFB43o90X7GUxqXItKpOhs3H3UMgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png"/></a></div>
</ol>
<li>Opción 3 - VBA</li>
<ol>
<li>Borra todos los comentarios de la hoja activa</li>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-vb">Sub Borra_Comentarios_de_la_Hoja()
Cells.ClearComments
End Sub
</pre>
<li>Borra todos los comentarios del libro de Excel</li>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-vb">Sub Borra_todos_los_Comentarios()
Dim ws As Worksheet
For Each ws In Worksheets
ws.UsedRange.ClearComments
Next
End Sub
</pre>
</ol>
</ul>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-63500263183210427312020-12-14T05:57:00.001+01:002020-12-14T05:57:00.246+01:00How to remove all comments in Excel<head>
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<h3>Problem</h3>
<p>
We want to delete all comments in Excel. We will see three alternative, the last one using VBA.
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
<ul>
<li>Option 1</li>
<ol>
<li>On the Review tab click on Show all comments</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rxt7OiniV4A/X9Dz7c8CSJI/AAAAAAAAOW8/TDyeHXsT0WEhBDfaoSZsEe8kGRJcBWdQwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="566" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rxt7OiniV4A/X9Dz7c8CSJI/AAAAAAAAOW8/TDyeHXsT0WEhBDfaoSZsEe8kGRJcBWdQwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png"/></a></div>
<li>Press Ctrl+A to select all comments</li>
<li>Click on Delete</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mkuAKvws6vY/X9D0ViM1SUI/AAAAAAAAOXE/-4vriHLd8Gkz_QNbZjWVRgLW5XiNnIb3wCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="451" data-original-width="564" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mkuAKvws6vY/X9D0ViM1SUI/AAAAAAAAOXE/-4vriHLd8Gkz_QNbZjWVRgLW5XiNnIb3wCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png"/></a></div>
</ol>
<li>Option 2</li>
<ol>
<li>Press F5 or Ctrl + G to open Go To dialog box, click on Special and then OK</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nPN-mHM6JAQ/X9D1XpJDLJI/AAAAAAAAOXQ/38mpIkPbzEgwBS0roUAc-rP4ghuKf2W1wCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="337" data-original-width="323" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nPN-mHM6JAQ/X9D1XpJDLJI/AAAAAAAAOXQ/38mpIkPbzEgwBS0roUAc-rP4ghuKf2W1wCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png"/></a></div>
<li>All comments will be selected</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7KOHMm8w5hs/X9D4CLU0ISI/AAAAAAAAOXc/lJWAPCnENrsNg7IKZwrQQgnAe_iSUVkFQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="259" data-original-width="456" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7KOHMm8w5hs/X9D4CLU0ISI/AAAAAAAAOXc/lJWAPCnENrsNg7IKZwrQQgnAe_iSUVkFQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_5.png"/></a></div>
<li>Right click to open context menu and click on Delete Comment</li>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-erWvFuwi-8Y/X9D4izY7M-I/AAAAAAAAOXk/pWZcSlvQrBMt35nt-rf99LEHUBTA76s0gCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_6.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="468" data-original-width="202" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-erWvFuwi-8Y/X9D4izY7M-I/AAAAAAAAOXk/pWZcSlvQrBMt35nt-rf99LEHUBTA76s0gCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_6.png"/></a></div>
</ol>
<li>Option 3 - VBA</li>
<ol>
<li>Delete all comments from active sheet</li>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-vb">Sub Delete_Comments_from_Sheet()
Cells.ClearComments
End Sub
</pre>
<li>Delete all comments from the workbook</li>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-vb">Sub Delete_All_Comments()
Dim ws As Worksheet
For Each ws In Worksheets
ws.UsedRange.ClearComments
Next
End Sub
</pre>
</ol>
</ul>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-71308975406668122292020-12-11T05:30:00.002+01:002020-12-11T09:09:02.775+01:00How to modify whiskers of a boxplot in ggplot2?<head>
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</head>
<h3>Problem</h3><p>
We want to modify the colour of the whiskers in a boxplot using ggplot2. In our example, the default colour (black) to red.<p><p>
<pre><code class="r">library(ggplot2)
p <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(factor(cyl), mpg, fill = factor(am)))
p + geom_boxplot()
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-T6D4JrADRww/VaJvtDlHr8I/AAAAAAAAKzs/CS1XfM0cdoU/s1600/CropperCapture%255B58%255D.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-T6D4JrADRww/VaJvtDlHr8I/AAAAAAAAKzs/CS1XfM0cdoU/s1600/CropperCapture%255B58%255D.png" /></a></div>
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
<ul>
<li>Option 1</li><p>
We plot error bars in red and then superimpose the boxplots in black.<p>
<pre><code class="r">library(ggplot)
p + stat_boxplot(
geom = "errorbar",
colour = "red",
width = 0,
position = position_dodge(0.75)
) +
geom_boxplot(coef = 0, outlier.shape = NA)
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LB9LKn07Ic4/X9DtSIxmj3I/AAAAAAAAOWw/Zxe42yWOdOcLwkum9ZURhOoVz2dP64tSQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="479" data-original-width="520" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LB9LKn07Ic4/X9DtSIxmj3I/AAAAAAAAOWw/Zxe42yWOdOcLwkum9ZURhOoVz2dP64tSQCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png"/></a></div>
<li>Option 2</li><p>
We superimpose two boxplots on top of each other. The first one with red borders and the secong one without whiskers in black.<p>
<pre><code class="r">p + geom_boxplot(color="red") +
geom_boxplot(aes(ymin=..lower.., ymax=..upper..))
</pre></code class="r">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-OLh3r2Ov1WU/VaJx_zO2vdI/AAAAAAAAK0A/x7d2iz9YOHI/s1600/CropperCapture%255B60%255D.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-OLh3r2Ov1WU/VaJx_zO2vdI/AAAAAAAAK0A/x7d2iz9YOHI/s1600/CropperCapture%255B60%255D.png" /></a></div>
</ul>
<h3>References</h3><p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://docs.ggplot2.org/current/geom_boxplot.html" target="_blank">Box and whiskers plot.</a></li>
<li><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22068770/how-to-modify-whiskers-of-a-boxplot-in-ggplot2/32831598#32831598" target="_blank">stackoverflow</a></li>
</ul>
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</head>
<h3>Problema</h3><p>
Queremos reducir el espacio entre las barras de un diagrama de barras con ggplot2.<p>
Diagrama de barras vertical<p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VnJjl1fmUGo/X8pSWMhr2RI/AAAAAAAAOV0/h6EA5yoKzhciYA3cb_WyiNAFf6Nh3laqACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="394" data-original-width="493" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VnJjl1fmUGo/X8pSWMhr2RI/AAAAAAAAOV0/h6EA5yoKzhciYA3cb_WyiNAFf6Nh3laqACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png"/></a></div>
Diagrama de barras horizontal<p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4cvttM8PxNE/X8pStMEZonI/AAAAAAAAOV8/zyoaxjwaSi4Y4MQKnH1G-9hJo2ZqeQKUgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="401" data-original-width="499" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4cvttM8PxNE/X8pStMEZonI/AAAAAAAAOV8/zyoaxjwaSi4Y4MQKnH1G-9hJo2ZqeQKUgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png"/></a></div>
<pre><code class="r">library(ggthemes)
library(ggplot2)
df <- data.frame(x = c("firm", "vendor"), y = c(50, 20))
# Vertical
ggplot(df, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 0.4) +
theme_tufte() +
labs(x = "", y = "")
# Horizontal
ggplot(df, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 0.4) +
theme_tufte() + coord_flip() +
labs(x = "", y = "")
</pre></code class="r">
<p>
<h3>Solución</h3><p>
Tan sólo necesitamos añadir <i>theme(aspect.ratio = xx)</i>, y luego necesitamos ajustar el ese ratio para conseguir las distancia deseada. Con <i>coord_flip() podemos voltear el gráfico</i>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">
# Vertical
ggplot(df, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
theme_tufte() + theme(aspect.ratio = 2) +
labs(x = "", y = "")
# Horizontal
ggplot(df, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
theme_tufte() + theme(aspect.ratio = .2) +
coord_flip() +
labs(x = "", y = "")
</pre></code class="r">
<h3>Resultados</h3><p>
Diagrama de barras vertical<p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3T7OZPw-1cY/X8pVOmkuNMI/AAAAAAAAOWI/41PgEmevYdow0yP2kWEIXGNANadczxVGgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="385" data-original-width="223" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3T7OZPw-1cY/X8pVOmkuNMI/AAAAAAAAOWI/41PgEmevYdow0yP2kWEIXGNANadczxVGgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png"/></a></div>
Diagrama de barras horizontal<p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RFOB38uHpMs/X8pVOnWRv5I/AAAAAAAAOWM/Vz8ykrffjIk6QMb8vNybITPaMSoEuviPwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="184" data-original-width="491" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RFOB38uHpMs/X8pVOnWRv5I/AAAAAAAAOWM/Vz8ykrffjIk6QMb8vNybITPaMSoEuviPwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png"/></a></div>
<!----
<h3>Entradas relacionadas</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://nubededatos.blogspot.com/2020/12/how-to-remove-whiskers-in-boxplot-with.html" target="_blank">How to remove whiskers in a boxplot with the R Base Package</a></li>
</ul>
--->
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21694095.post-572546236472533282020-12-09T06:09:00.001+01:002020-12-09T06:09:00.188+01:00How to reduce space between bars in ggplot2<head>
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</head>
<h3>Problem</h3><p>
We want to reduce the space between bars using geom_bar with ggplot2.<p>
Vertical bar plot <p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VnJjl1fmUGo/X8pSWMhr2RI/AAAAAAAAOV0/h6EA5yoKzhciYA3cb_WyiNAFf6Nh3laqACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="394" data-original-width="493" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VnJjl1fmUGo/X8pSWMhr2RI/AAAAAAAAOV0/h6EA5yoKzhciYA3cb_WyiNAFf6Nh3laqACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_3.png"/></a></div>
Horizontal bar plot<p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4cvttM8PxNE/X8pStMEZonI/AAAAAAAAOV8/zyoaxjwaSi4Y4MQKnH1G-9hJo2ZqeQKUgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="401" data-original-width="499" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4cvttM8PxNE/X8pStMEZonI/AAAAAAAAOV8/zyoaxjwaSi4Y4MQKnH1G-9hJo2ZqeQKUgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_1.png"/></a></div>
<pre><code class="r">library(ggthemes)
library(ggplot2)
df <- data.frame(x = c("firm", "vendor"), y = c(50, 20))
# Vertical
ggplot(df, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 0.4) +
theme_tufte() +
labs(x = "", y = "")
# Horizontal
ggplot(df, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 0.4) +
theme_tufte() + coord_flip() +
labs(x = "", y = "")
</pre></code class="r">
<p>
<h3>Solution</h3><p>
We just need to to introduce <i>theme(aspect.ratio = xx)</i>, then we need to play with the ratio to find the desired width. To flip cartesian coordinates we use <i>coord_flip()</i>
<p>
<pre><code class="r">
# Vertical
ggplot(df, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
theme_tufte() + theme(aspect.ratio = 2) +
labs(x = "", y = "")
# Horizontal
ggplot(df, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
theme_tufte() + theme(aspect.ratio = .2) +
coord_flip() +
labs(x = "", y = "")
</pre></code class="r">
<h3>Results</h3><p>
Vertical bar plot <p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3T7OZPw-1cY/X8pVOmkuNMI/AAAAAAAAOWI/41PgEmevYdow0yP2kWEIXGNANadczxVGgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="385" data-original-width="223" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3T7OZPw-1cY/X8pVOmkuNMI/AAAAAAAAOWI/41PgEmevYdow0yP2kWEIXGNANadczxVGgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_4.png"/></a></div>
Horizontal bar plot<p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RFOB38uHpMs/X8pVOnWRv5I/AAAAAAAAOWM/Vz8ykrffjIk6QMb8vNybITPaMSoEuviPwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="184" data-original-width="491" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RFOB38uHpMs/X8pVOnWRv5I/AAAAAAAAOWM/Vz8ykrffjIk6QMb8vNybITPaMSoEuviPwCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/Screenshot_2.png"/></a></div>
<h3>Related posts</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://nubededatos.blogspot.com/2020/12/how-to-remove-whiskers-in-boxplot-with.html" target="_blank">How to remove whiskers in a boxplot with the R Base Package</a></li>
</ul>
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